A catalytic converter is a device that is used in an automobile engine. This device functions to reduce the undesired emission of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. The catalytic converter also effectively removes unwanted metallic oxides, which will consequently lower the temperature of the engine. It does this by initiating a reaction between the heavy metals and the fuel or lubricating oil, so that they all get purified and recycled.
As mentioned here, the design of the catalytic converter is as follows: The catalytic converter support or substrate is a thin ceramic crystalline material composed of steel. In some automotive units, the support is a urethane. For automotive catalytic converters, generally the bulk is a high-pressure urethane. The internal combustion engine exhaust gases have the reactant carbon monoxide as the main component. As the gas passes through the converter, it interacts with the oxides and metal oxides produced by the internal combustion engines and thus purified to become more fuel efficient.
It must be noted that there are two main designs for the internal combustion engine catalyst. The first one is known as the washcoat. This is named so because the catalyzed fuel passes across the catalyst at a temperature much lower than that of the surrounding air. Thus, the catalyst acts as a wash, meaning it cleans the incoming toxic material. For automotive catalytic converters of this type, there is a need for a low temperature washcoat to make sure that the catalyst has a good internal coating.
The second type of automotive catalytic converters uses the less conventional but highly effective method of mechanical transformation called the sodium peroxide fusion method. Using this fusion method, there is a much larger space to separate the metallic impurities in the gas stream from the vehicle itself. Thus, there is a reduced risk of the toxic gases getting into the vehicle. Unfortunately, in order to use this method, you would need an entire catalytic converter. However, this is a good system to use when emissions standards are not yet applicable for your country.
There is also an alternative to the mechanical washcoats and sodium peroxide fusion method. That is to use a high pressure air injection system. The air injection system uses activated carbon granules to transform exhaust stream and to increase the amount of oxygen that is available in the exhaust stream. Read more on catalytic converters at gndcats.com.
Automotive catalytic converters use air and oxygen to remove combustible substances from the exhaust gas. Although, other systems such as the catalytic combination of zinc and platinum are also being used. But still, overall, zinc is the most popular metal used for such system. Therefore, if you want to protect your car from harmful emissions, you should really look for a catalyzed exhaust gas. You can get more enlightened on this topic by reading here: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/catalytic-converter.
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